Blog
POLICE POWERS PUT IN CHECK
Recording Police Misconduct Protected by First Amendment
By: Houston Criminal Lawyer John Floyd and Paralegal Billy Sinclair
Simon Glik was, and remains, a good citizen. He understands right from wrong no matter who the author of the wrongful action may be. So what he did on the evening of October 1, 2007 was a natural response of a good citizen. As he was walking past the Boston Common, he saw three of Boston’s finest arresting a young man. Moments later he heard a bystander exclaim, “you are hurting him, stop!” Glik, who was only ten feet away from the arresting officers, was concerned enough that the police were using “excessive force,” he began filming the incident on his cell phone.
The officers quite naturally did not appreciate a good citizen recording their questionable conduct. Once they got the young man in handcuffs, one of the officers turned to Glik, saying: “I think you’ve taken enough pictures.” Glik replied: “I am recording this. I saw you punch him.” One of the officers quickly passed the threshold of annoyance and escalated the confrontation with Glik into full-blown abuse of police power. He asked Glik if the cell phone recorded audio. Glik said that it did at which time the officer placed him in handcuffs. The officer informed Glik that he was being arrested for “unlawful audio recording” in violation of Massachusetts’ wiretap statute. After Glik was taken to the South Boston police station, the police there in the course of booking him took his “cell phone and a computer flash drive and held them as evidence.”
Boston police are apparently oblivious to having their misconduct “caught on camera.” Just last year a woman videotaped officers roughing up a 16-year-old teenager. The video captured police hovering around the teen as he lay on the ground while one of the officers punched him (here and here and here). You would think the Boston police would have learned something from the Glik, but apparently they didn’t.
The Boston police managed to get Glik charged not only with a violation of the wiretap statute but with disturbing the peace and aiding in the escape of a prisoner. The First Circuit Court of Appeal reported that the district attorney’s office voluntarily dismissed the aiding in escape of a prisoner charge which was followed by a February 2008 decision by the “Boston Municipal Court” dismissing the other two charges. The state court judge, as cited by the First Circuit, “noted that the fact that the officers were unhappy they were being recorded during an arrest does not make a lawful exercise of a First Amendment right a crime. Likewise, the court found no probable cause supporting the wiretapping charge, because the law requires a secret recording and the officers admitted the Glik had used his cell phone openly and in plain view to obtain the video and audio recording.”
Glik first tried to address the wrong done to him by the officers through the department’s internal affairs section. IA did not [even] “investigate his complaint or initiate disciplinary action against the arresting officers. Realizing it was futile to pursue administrative redress, Glik in February 2010 filed a civil rights lawsuit in federal court against the police officers and the City of Boston. Glik demanded damages for violation of his First and Fourteenth Amendment rights, as well as for violation of his rights under the Massachusetts Civil Rights Act and for malicious prosecution.”
Still unhappy about being caught on camera, the officers quickly moved to have Glik’s lawsuit tossed out of federal court. The officers claimed that the allegations set forth in Glik’s complaint did not state a cause of action and even if a cause had been stated, the officers were entitled to dismissal because they enjoyed qualified immunity. The federal district court rejected the officers’ defenses, especially the qualified immunity defense. Nearly thirty years of ago the U.S. Supreme Court, in Harlow v. Fitzgerald, established the constitutional principle that public officials are entitled to qualified immunity only if the court can determine from a reading of the complaint that (1) the facts alleged make out a violation of a constitutional right, and (2) the constitutional right was “clearly established” at the time of its violation.
The second prong of the Harlow test (the “clearly established” issue) requires the court to conduct an additional two-prong analysis of (1) “clarity of the law at the time of the alleged civil rights violation”, and (2) whether, given the facts of the particular case, “a reasonable defendant would have understood that his conduct violated the plaintiff[‘s] constitutional rights.” Essentially, as the First Circuit pointed out, “the salient question is whether the state of the law at the time of the alleged violation gave the defendant fair warning that his particular conduct was unconstitutional.”
There was two “state of the law” questions that had to be resolved in Glik’s case: 1) whether the “clarity of the law” established a First Amendment right to “record police officers carrying out their public duties,” and 2) whether the case law interpreting Massachusetts’ wiretap law would have led “a reasonable officer” to believe there was probable cause to arrest Glik.
The following First Amendment protections have been clearly enunciated by the U.S. Supreme Court:
- “[T]he First Amendment goes beyond protection of the press and the self-expression of individuals to prohibit government from limiting the stock of information from which members of the public may draw.”
- “It is well established that the constitution protects the right to receive information and ideas.”
- “[T]here is an undoubted right to gather news ‘from any source by means within the law.’”
- The First Amendment has an interest in not only protecting but promoting “the free discussion of governmental affairs.”
The First Circuit easily concluded that Glik’s actions of “the filming of government officials engaged in their duties in a public place, fits comfortably within these principles.” The Court added that “gathering information about government officials in a form that can readily be disseminated to others” serves the “cardinal First Amendment interest” in protecting “’the free discussion of governmental affairs.’” This rule particularly applies to “law enforcement officials, who are granted substantial discretion that may be misused to deprive individuals of their liberties.
The question then was whether this First Amendment right was “clearly established” at the time Glik filmed the officers engaged in the misconduct. The First Circuit pointed to a long list of cases from its own circuit and other courts dating as far back as 1969 upholding the right to “gather information about what public officials do on public property, and specifically, a right to record matters of public interests.” This right is not extended just to reporters but to all citizens because “the public’s right of access to information is coextensive with that of the press.”
The First Circuit pointed out that Glik’s filming of the officers occurred in the “Boston Common, the oldest city park in the United States and the apotheosis of a public forum.” But more importantly it was the following observation by the court that ruled the day: “In our society, police officers are expected to endure significant burdens caused by citizens’ exercise of their First Amendment rights. Indeed, ‘[t]he freedom of individuals to verbally oppose or challenge police action without thereby risking arrest is one of the principal characteristics by which we distinguish a free nation from a police state.’ The same restraint demanded of law enforcement officers in the face of ‘provocative and challenging’ speech must be expected when they are merely the subject of videotaping that memorializes, without impairing, their work in public spaces.”
The following Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable seizures (arrests) have been clearly enunciated by the U.S. Supreme Court and the First Circuit:
- The Fourth Amendment requires that an arrest be grounded in probable cause.
- Probable cause means that “at the time of arrest the ‘facts and circumstances within the officer’s knowledge [were] sufficient to warrant a prudent person, one of reasonable caution, in believing, in the circumstances shown, that the suspect [had] committed, [was] committing, or [was] about to commit an offense.’”
Glik’s complaint was rooted in the soil that the police lacked probable cause to arrest him for violating Massachusetts’ wiretap statute—a law which prohibits the willful “interception … of any wire or oral communication.” Massachusetts courts have limited the term “interception” to mean “to secretly hear, secretly record, or aid another to secretly hear or secretly record the contents of any wire or oral communication through the use of any intercepting device by any person other than a person given prior authority by all parties to such communication.”
The initial question before the First Circuit was whether Glik “secretly” videotaped the police. The Massachusetts Supreme Court has held that a recording is “secret” only if the subject of the recording does not have “actual knowledge” of the recording. Put simply, the court held that secretly recording a traffic stop violates the wiretap statute, but if a person records a traffic stop, or any other police conduct, with the tape recorder “in plain sight,” there is no violation of the statute. The secrecy issue then is notice, and if the camera, or recording device, is used in plain view, then an inference can be drawn that the subject is aware that he/she is being recorded.
In Glik’s case, he openly used his cell phone to record the police’s actions—a fact that the police conceded—and, thus, there was no violation of the wiretap statute. The police, however, argued strenuously that “Glik’s use of a cell phone was insufficient to put them on notice of the recording. They note that a cell phone, unlike a tape recorder, has numerous discrete functions, such as text messaging, internet browsing, video gaming, and photography, and thus the fact of an individual holding out a cell phone in front of his body is of indeterminate significance. The argument suffers from factual as well as legal flaws. The allegations of the complaint indicate that the officers were cognizant of Glik’s surveillance, knew that Glik was using his phone to record them in some fashion, and were aware, based on their asking Glik whether he was recording audio, that cell phones may have sound recording capabilities. The fact that a cell phone may have other functions in thus irrelevant to the question of whether Glik’s recording was ‘secret.’”
Having concluded that the officers did not have probable cause to arrest Glik under the wiretap statute, the First Circuit turned its attention to whether the officers should have understood that arresting Glik for a wiretap offense under the circumstances violated his Fourth Amendment rights. While the court noted that in Fourth Amendment cases the police are entitled to qualified immunity so long as probable cause is at least arguable, the First Circuit concluded the officers were not entitled to that defense in Glik’s case:
“The presence of probable cause was not even arguable here. The allegations of the complaint establish that Glik was openly recording the police officers and that they were aware of his surveillance. For the reasons we have discussed, we see no basis in the law for a reasonable officer to conclude that such a conspicuous act of recording was ‘secret’ merely because the officer did not have actual knowledge of whether audio was being recorded.”
Earlier this year we posted a piece about police misconduct becoming epidemic in this country (here). Police departments in Atlanta, San Diego, and especially Oakland have used excessive force in trying to stop the legitimate Wall Street social protests. We encourage the protestors to keep the cell phones in plain sight as they record this nationwide police misconduct against the protectors. The Wall Street “robber barons” have called out the hounds of the police state to suppress the protests. Twenty years ago they could have used these excessive force tactics with impunity, but not today – You Tube, Facebook, and Twitter are forever present to expose these tactics. Exposure is the best remedy for excessive force.
We applaud Simon Glik, and all the other good citizens in this country who risk their personal safety and well-being to provide the rest of us with that free flow of information that protects all our personal liberties.
By: Houston Criminal Lawyer John Floyd and Paralegal Billy Sinclair
John Floyd is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization
Take the first step toward protecting your freedom by contacting us now
Testimonials
John T. Floyd Law Firm
3730 Kirby Drive # 750, Houston
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I had a great experience with this Law Firm, the kind staff helped me locate a Lawyer even though they were unable to take my case.
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I’ve never been one to write reviews but this time I couldn’t pass up the opportunity to say something. I had some serious legal questions I needed answers to concerning Texas laws. … More Being I’m from another state, I found and reached out to Attorney John Floyd for the answers. Mr Floyd listened to to my requests and told me what he need from me and went out of his way to get me the answers. Very polite, straightforward and professional, I can’t thank him enough for all he’s done. Whatever your legal case may be, I wouldn’t hesitate to recommend Mr Floyd.
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Mr. Floyd is both ethical and loyal to his clients; two qualities that are hard to find specially in lawyers. I'd definitely recommend him to anyone.Positive
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Mr. John was very helpful and truly was the reason why my case was dismissed. Thank you so much Mr. John I truly recommend everyone in need to work with him.
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This law firm is diligent, responsive and succeeded in getting my case dismissed. 10/10 would recommend.
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John is an amazing person and lawyer who is actually very understanding of how anxious I got and although it was hard to reach him sometimes because of his schedule, but never worry … More he is on top of things. He is very organized, very smart. I had the experience to go through a trial with him, and he always plans ahead well and is actually open and receptive to any ideas and comments I had and he was quick to decide which is right to use at the moment. I really appreciated working with him and Chris. Great lawyers and great people. As I was reminded by John, I am adding that the Jury reached a not guilty decision on the original charge and on a lesser charge in just 25 minutes. It took more time to write the charge and instructions for the jury than it took them to reach a decision.
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Highly recommend John T Floyd law firm, great response time and demeanor.I was researching an on-going criminal case, when I found an informative article written by John Floyd (about … More the perils of expert testimony). I called his office, and was very pleased to receive a timely call back. Not only was Mr. Floyd candid and helpful, but he had the kindest demeanor of any attorney that I've dealt with. I am so glad to have found this firm.
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Although I am not a client, John Floyd contacted me the same day I sent an email requesting advice, answered my questions and even when further to assist with my issue and communicated … More with me the next day. A true credit to his profession and I can only imagine how well he provides services to his actual clients!
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I give Mr. Floyd 10 Stars if they were available so I'm giving him five that's all that's available. The first time I left a message for him it was on a Friday after … More 5 p.m. and within 15 minutes he called me back I told him I needed to buy a lotto ticket because that has never happened. I knew from our chat and him calling me back that he was different from any attorney I've tried to talk to left messages never got called back they didn't even know what I needed and neither did Mr. Floyd but he did call me back. I was very interested in meeting with mr. Floyd about my case because I felt he was very transparent honest and genuine. If you've ever dealt with attorneys they don't have those traits but Mr. Floyd does. He was very honest with me told me what I could and could not do with my case. He is not egotistical he's very compassionate and he actually reads the documents you sent him unbelievable that's never happened. He will be the only lawyer I refer to anyone that needs his expertise. If you're in need of a criminal defense attorney please give John T Floyd a call you will not be disappointed.
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Mr John is a great human being and a very knowledgeable attorney. He has always called me back promptly,advised me very clearly and never rushed our conversation. i was wrongfully accused … More and Mr John had my case DISMISSED!! on the day of trial after fighting for me for two years. I am very thankful to the John T. Floyd Law Firm. You will not go wrong with John. Mr John you deserve way more then 5 stars.Thank youShaikh.
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John Floyd Law Firm is highly recommended for your legal needs. He and his staff are highly professional in every aspect. Easy and comfortable feeling talking with him, and he understands … More your needs and explains your legal advice in a way you can understand. Enough just cant be said. Thank You Sir.Positive
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John was kind enough to assist me with legal advise on my firearm gun rights restoration. I highly recommend him and his firm. Very professional and knowledgeable. If I need assistance … More in the future I will definitely go back to him.
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What I liked the most was that he actually returned my phone after leaving a message unlike pretty much everyone else I called prior. He listened and answered my question with the best … More advice that would benefit me the most. I was actually lost from moving to Texas from a different state we’re laws vary and he pointed me toward the right direction to get a understanding of if I need to do business with him now or after I contact a lawyer in my home state.
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John T Floyd handled my sons case & got a dismissal for us! He is great to work with, gets back to you promptly & knows what he’s doing. Definitely one of the best we have had … More to deal with!Positive
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John is honestly the best! The whole team is. He answered me in a timely manner and helped me when my friend was going through a situation in Houston, Texas as an inmate. He was so … More thorough, honest, and without charging me sent me so much information because I was out of the loop. He never once tried to take you for your money, he did all that he could to. help me and I can't thank him enough.
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I have used John on two occasions and found him to have full knowledge of Texas law, diligent, creative in plan, and aggressive in defense. He is the best criminal defense attorney … More in the State of Texas. No reason to look elsewhere.
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I have been calling to get some legal advice pertaining to gun rights. A few legal offices would not even take my call because quote " your not a client and Im losing money. … More I I called John T. Floyd Law Firm and they were not only able to answer my question, but gave great detail information, and further elaborated on their answer. I hope I do not have to use them in the future, but if I do need to, they will be my first call.
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Great lawyer! Needed some advice and gave me a Consultation, and advice for steps to take, without any hassle l, Was a honest guy and actually wanted to help me and not just take my … More money! Highly recommend!!Positive
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Attorney Floyd replied very timely to my inquiry and he provided practical advice. I will not hesitate to contact him in the future if I need additional legal counsel.
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Highly recommend, down to earth lawyer. Talked to me about my legal issues without being super money hungry and genuinely wanted to help me with my legal problems. 5 stars ⭐️.
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Very knowledgeable and professional. I called and left a message Friday morning and before end of business that day I received a call back.Positive
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Very helpful highly recommended for any Question / case will definitely keep he's name and number for any other legal advice
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Excellent service and a lawyer that doesn't lie. He does what he says. JW recommends him.
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One of the best services Ive used in awhile. Thank you for all the help and answers. You got my life back. Thank youPositive
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Im impressed. This guy was polite and professional and most important...he listened.
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Good experience and very good lawyer
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It was a pleasure speaking with John. He is knowledgeable and has a true desire to help the people of society. I turned to him for some guidance of a long-standing issue. He never … More rushed our conversation and went out of his way to look into the details to provide the right answer as well as assist me anyway he could. Thank you for our conversations and I wish your and your firm the best. If you need a lawyer, John Floyd is your guy!
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John represented me in court for roughly 2 years. I won't (and shouldn't) get into any serious details, but let me tell you that I couldn't have chosen anyone better. … More Seriously.Every appearance in court I felt very comfortable. The judge and DA's had a high regard for his reputation. There is a time I recall where simply his presence greatly impacted the court's interpretation of my case and persons. We were in front of the stand and the judge could not stop talking about John's prestige and past accomplishments and how that took in relation to my case. I kept silent in front of the judge, but I observed then that John's popularity and reputation within the court had already given me a better looking rapport with the judge. Let me tell you, I never had more confidence then, knowing that the judge held him in such high regard.This is not to mention how personable John is. I'll be honest that during the stress of court, sharing a laugh with your lawyer helps a lot. This may sound a lot, but I really appreciated the relationship we had then. This is also not to mention that he was able to deal very well with any DA that rotated over the years. Seriously, John was great, prompt with information and very hands on with my case. I had great peace those 2 years until everything wrapped up.If you're looking for a lawyer, I highly, HIGHLY recommend the John T. Floyd Law Firm. He IS nationally renowned, you know. He'll get the job done to the utmost confidence. He's very experienced and has a great record to boot. I am glad to have had him represent me in court and trust me that I never thought I'd ever say that (and whoever does?). We explored every avenue of victory together and I personally enjoyed the experience, despite the seriousness of the accusation.If you have a case that needs to be represented at the highest levels, choose John T. Floyd. He's a good man and very good at what he does. Him and his team has the experience you need to make the best decisions and options to get the best outcome for your case. We got the best result I could possibly ask for, thank God.Seriously. Hire John. He knows what he's doing.Seriously.
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One of the few honest lawyers I have ever talked to. His complimentary consultation was knowledgeable and thorough. He knew exactly what the issue was and how to handle it. His candid … More appraisal of the situation and how to proceed saved me thousands of dollars in legal fees. If you have a case requiring expertise in John's area of practice, look no further. Hire this man!
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I had the opportunity to read an article that Mr. Floyd wrote and it was very interesting. I called him about the article and advice concerning a similar situation. He not only gave … More me excellent advice, he pointed out not just what I wanted to hear but what I needed to hear concerning my situation. The Good, The Bad and The ugly in a manner or speaking. He spoke with an open and honest heart with information to help me and not just to get a client.
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If you are in trouble and need a lawyer, contact the John T. Floyd law firm. Some of the best lawyers in Texas work there! Understanding and helpful lawyers and staff that will do all … More they can to help you 😊
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He gave me one of the most honest answers I have received in a very long time about any issue I was having with anything. Legal or not legal. I highly recommend giving him a call and … More will be referring him to friends and family if they have any issues in the future.Positive
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He took time out of his day to answer my legal questions and didn’t even charge me. I would definitely recommend him to you.
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Gave free consultation on getting gun rights back. He truly cares about gun rights and getting you the help you deserve. 100% worth a callPositive
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Very professional, great quality work, and very friendly and helpful. Overall, their service is phenomenal. I recommend Mr. Floyd to anyone.
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Mr. Floyd took the time to explain his experience with the law to me in layman's terms. Definitely give him a call.Positive
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He was honest , knowledgeable , and professional about what we talked about. Most lawyers are just about the money , but not john.Positive
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He was very truthful and honest with us very great man I would recommend him and we would use him again
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Very professional honest and works hard currently working my husband’s appeal I pray he does his best workPositive
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I contacted John T. Floyd Law firm and I was very satisfied with service extremely helpful and friendly thank you Mr. FloydPositive
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This law frim was informative,great response time ,and the attorney called back not some secretary or legal assistant thank u guys for all your help wish it was more like youPositive … More
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I would highly recommend Mr Floyd. He was very helpful and knowledge with a legal question I had.Positive
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He explained my case better then any other lawyerPositive
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Very informative
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Had the pleasure speaking with John Floyd on a personal matter, he was very responsive, nothing but exceptional, and he really cares about you with sincerity and most importantly knows … More what is he talking about! No games or bs, his approach to my situation even though I knew it was probably way smaller then what he normally takes on, he was extremely helpful and didn't care about the size of the matter like other attorneys do. He really looked out for my best interests. You can tell he has decades of experience doing what he does just by chatting with him. I would highly recommend him.
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Words can’t describe how grateful I am for working with John, he went above and beyond my expectation. I was wrongly accused and hired many lawyers before hiring John Floyd but they … More all disappointed me, I had lost hope until a friend of mine referred me to John. From the start he had my best interest in mind and gave helpful advice, he explained the process and guided me. He put more work and time than all my previous lawyers that cost me thousands of dollars. He was constantly communicating with court and defended me more than all lawyer i had hired before him. Don’t waste your time and money like I did, believe me when I say I hired countless lawyers before him and no one came close to John. I’m forever thankful for him for fighting for my innocence and getting my case dismissed. Thank you so much🙏🏼🙏🏼
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I called Mr Floyd and left a message, with in the hour I received a call back with much more information then I could have ever expected. Mr Floyd was very informative on every question … More I had for him. He seemed like he cared, instead of like most attorneys that you talk to that are just out for a quick buck. If you want someone that is going to shoot strait with you, and has your best interest in hand, this is you guy. This was the best experience that I have ever had with an lawyer.
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I can state with confidence that Mr. Floyd and his team are the most competent and professional lawyers one can hope for. My case was quite complex and I admit that as a law student … More I was not the most patient client. Mr. Floyd did a phenomenal job of managing the bench, prosecution and myself! The result was above expectation, and I will never hesitate to recommend this firm regardless of the caliber of the case at issue.
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It was a pleasure working with Mr. Floyd. I contacted him regarding a legal matter and he was extremely knowledgeable about the law, and responded in a timely manner. I appreciated … More the fact I did not feel rushed, and he made sure he thoroughly answered all questions I had. I would highly recommend him!Positive
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Spoke with John Floyd about a 45 year old criminal case I was involved in. I had very little information about the case and John helped me search what records were available and gave … More me guidance to find more information. He was very professional and took his time helping me. I may need to hire a lawyer on this case and Mr. Floyd will be the man.Thanks John.
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Very professional and straight forward. He's not going to waste your time or money. Very knowledgeable in a large range of possible matters one could face living in these days … More and times. If ever you need legal assistance, this is who I would suggest. Awesome!Positive
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I called about some legal questions I needed to get clarified and John was able to give me clarification and sound advice. I will definitely contact John for all future legal questions … More and issues.Thank you John!Positive
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Knows his stuff and well respected with DA and judges. I have referred him a couple times and every client has been satisfied
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John is beyond knowledgeable! If I decide to pursue my case any further I would only have him represent me.
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What a great attorney, this guy really took time out of his day to answer my questions and explain my case to me. Very grateful, thank you so muchPositive
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Absolutely a very professional lawyer. Very well read in the current law and more than willing to help if needed.
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Mr. John he’s a professional he knows what he’s doing and he’s patient they recommend Him stronglyPositive
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Great service, very knowledgable and happy to help with any questions I had
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Quick to action and helpful and knowledgeable with entertainment industry based issues!
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Responded on a holiday week. Very knowledgeable and reassuring.
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Very professional
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I want to thank John T. Floyd and all of his team. He is the best lawyer who cares aboutHis clients and fights really hard to get the best outcome. He is a fighter and he is awesome!!!I … More recommend if any one needs criminal defense , he is the BEST. We had a really serious caseAnd we are very thankful for the outcome. Thank you John!!!!! God bless you!!!!!!
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The attorneys at John T. Floyd Law Firm work diligently to achieve the best possible results for their clients. They are caring and knowledgeable professionals. Their expertise in the … More law and their experience as trial attorneys makes them the right choice as a defense attorney. I recommend this law firm highly.
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From beginning to end this firm handled my case like the top tier professionals they are. I would not trust ANYONE else with my legal needs after having less than stellar experiences … More with other teams. Thank you Floyd!!!
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I really felt like the team cared about my case and am super satisfied with the outcome. Would not recommend anyone else!
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These guys do amazing work and have phenomenal service! Hands down best in the Houston area!!
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John and Chris are true professionals! Love those guys like family!
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Mr. Floyd and his team are very knowledgeable, informative, and helpful.
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A team you can depend on to stand up and fight for you to prove the truth the whole truth!
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Mr. John T. Floyd represented me.I couldn't be happier with the outcome he managed to achieve on an VERY Important case that was dismissed the day of Trial. He is patient & … More very knowledgeable of the legal system. I HIGHLY recommend him to anyone in need of a lawyer!John, I am forever grateful & satisfied with the effort you put forth & all you did for me. Thank you isn't enough!God bless you & your family!
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The John T. Floyd Law Firm assisted me, and I can tell you that the attorney took the time to answer my questions, and I didn't feel rushed or dismissed as I have experienced in … More the past with attorneys. The attorney was very nice and extremely knowledgeable. Initial impressions and continued excellent customer service are big factors for me and as such I would highly recommend this firm.
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I thank you for your efforts to help Felons regain their Civil rights, and for the information on possession , I am A convicted Felon, no violent history. I am an expert shot, I am … More 76 yoa, and very concerned about the present lake of Security in our State and Country. God Bless and Prosper you in your efforts, Your friend, Sonny Bivens
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I really appreciated both Chris and John helping with my legal questions and concerns. Both are good guys and I would not hesitate to recommend them.
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Extremely helpful!!! Helping me understand the law.
John T. Floyd is Board Certified in Criminal Law By the Texas Board of Legal Specialization
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